Targeting Inflammasome Activation in Viral Infection: A Therapeutic Solution?

Inflammasome activation is exclusively involved in sensing of innate immunity and inflammatory response during viral infection. Accumulating evidence suggests that the manipulation inflammasome assembly or its interaction with proteins are critical factors pathogenesis. Results from pilot clinical trials show encouraging results NLRP3 suppression reducing mortality morbidity SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. In this article, we summarize up-to-date understanding inflammasomes, including NLRP3, AIM2, NLRP1, NLRP6, NLRC4 various infections, particular focus on RNA viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, HIV, IAV, Zika virus DNA herpes simplex 1. We also discuss current achievement mechanisms infection-induced response, host defense, possible therapeutic solutions.